Curso → Level 1 · Primeros pasos → Lección 10
Level 1 · Lesson 10 El alfabeto
The alphabet
El alfabeto tiene 27 letras. Cinco letras con nombre nuevo: hache, jota, eñe, uve, zeta.
Spell your name aloud: the 27 letters and the names English speakers stumble over.
Escucha · Listen
El apellido, por favor
Good morning. First name and surname, please.
Ana Muñoz.
Muñoz with an ñ?
Yes: m, u, ñ, o, z.
Thank you. And you, sir?
Diego Herrera, with an h.
And Mrs. Vargas? Vargas with a b or with a v?
With a v: v, a, r, g, a, s.
Explicación · Explanation
El alfabeto español tiene 27 letras: las 26 del inglés y la eñe, entre la ene y la o.
Twenty-seven letters — the English twenty-six plus ñ, which sits between n and o in every dictionary. You will also see ch, ll and rr: pairs of letters that spell a single sound, called dígrafos. ch and ll were once counted as letters in their own right, and the RAE's 2010 Ortografía removed them from the alphabet for good; rr was never on the list at all. That is why chico is filed under c and llamar under l.
Cinco letras con nombre nuevo: la hache, la jota, la eñe, la uve y la zeta. La hache no suena: hola, hache.
These five are the ones to drill. hache (h) is silent in every Spanish word — hola, Herrera, hache itself. jota (j) is the throaty sound of jota. eñe (ñ) is the sound in Muñoz and España. uve (v) sounds exactly like be (b), which is why Spanish speakers ask con be or con uve when they take down a name. zeta (z) closes the alphabet.
Los nombres de las letras cambian con el país. En España: uve. En América: ve, ve corta o ve chica.
Letter names are one of the friendliest regional differences. Spain says be and uve; much of America says be larga or be grande against ve corta or ve chica. Spain says uve doble for w, America doble ve or doble u. For y the RAE now recommends ye, though i griega is still what most people say. All of these are correct — pick the set you hear around you.
Vocabulario · Vocabulary
| Palabra | Meaning | Nota · Note |
|---|---|---|
| alfabeto | alphabet | 27 letras |
| hache | the letter h | no suena nunca |
| eñe | the letter ñ | Muñoz, España |
| jota | the letter j | jota, Jiménez |
| uve | the letter v | en América: ve, ve corta |
| zeta | the letter z | Muñoz, Ruiz |
Práctica · Practice
Ponlo en práctica · Use it
Ahora hablas tú, en voz alta. Tu nombre, letra por letra. Después el apellido: «Muñoz: eme, u, eñe, o, zeta». Y la pregunta útil: «¿Con be o con uve?».
Spell your own first name and surname aloud, slowly, one letter at a time — then again at speed, as you would over the phone. Add the two questions a Spanish speaker actually asks while writing your name down: ¿con be o con uve? and ¿con hache?